Durian Makan Makan Trip @ Balik Pulau

It’s time of the year for the King of fruits and for this year, JH help us to organize a durian outing to Mr. Liew’s farm in Sungai Pinang for all the volunteers in the blood donation group.

We had our usual blood donation campaign in the morning, which happens to coincide with the 2009 World Blood Donation Day too. All the volunteers worked very hard and some even donated blood to make this 159th Campaign a success. Durian has always been a love/hate affair depending on which camp you are on. For the lovers, they were salivating just by thinking of durians; for the haters, they just wanna avoid this and run home!

We set off around 3pm to balik pulau after clearing up. JH, JW, HS and WR drove about 20 of us to the farm at Sungai Pinang. We met Mr. Liew near the MCA center there and he showed us the way to his farm. It was on those obscure road, off the main thoroughfare, along a river where you can see lots of people having their picnics and just having fun by the water. It was just a short drive and we arrive at his farm. When we arrived, there were already 3 groups there savouring their durians. Mr. Liew and wife, invited us for special homemade ice-cold nutmeg drink first! Wow. It was very refreshing! Fresh with no added preservative and sugar. Then They took us on a tour of their farm, showing us all types of plants and trees which (we are “sua pa kao”(jungle monkey in hokkien), to be exact , city “kao”), never seen before. We saw nutmeg tree, mango tree, pepper plant, lots of herbs, pomelo tree! I used to think it’s a creepy crawly like the watermelon, just indeed surprised to see that this heavy juicy fruit grow on trees! And finally, the highlight, Mrs Liew bought us to the nice cooling refreshing waterfall. Definitely didn’t expect that! There was a swing there too. Everyone just took off their shoes and dip in and just play with water.

After we had enough and our tummy grumbling, we headed back to his shed for our durians. Mr. Liew has reserved some of the best from his trees for us! We were indeed very lucky to taste all the yummy “branded” durians, like “ xiao hung, horlor, ang hey, lao chang” etc. Just to name a few. WR Just fell inlove with “xiao hung”, keeps singing “ xiao hung, xiao hung, wo ai ni” . Check out the pics from the sidebar for the pics!

All in all, an enjoyable and wonderful outing. Thanks to Bro JH for this yummy treat!

世界献血日 World Blood Donor Day

这个星期日是世界献血日
This Sunday is World Blood Donor Day

WHO set the theme as :
世界卫生组织定的主题 ：

¨Achieving 100 percent non-remunerated donation of blood and blood components¨
达到100%无偿献血

Please donate to save life.

Another Life Saving Event in Pacific Komtar

To response to the request, we will organize another Blood Donation Campaign in Komtar. We are thinking to able to call more people to become blood donors, thus to save more life.

Venue : Level 3, Komtar (Pacific Entrance)
Date : 24/May/2009 (Sun)
Time : 11.00am to 04.00pm









It's the same venue that we organized last BDC in 11-Jan-2009.

How to reach there ?

1). From "old" Komtar :









2). From Georgetown Cafe :









See you there !!!

Visit to another Blood Donation Group

Chinese proverb says "learning never end". Although the Metta Blood Donation Group of Hui Yin Seh may be the longest surviving volunteer Blood Donation Group in Malaysia, we are looking to continuous improvement.

We visited the other famous Blood Donation Group in Kedah, the Sungei Petani (SP) Blood Donation Association on 08-Mar-2009 (Sun).












The SP group was established in 2003 and has organised 96 blood donation campaigns, quite a great success within only 6 years.





We have exchanged views on how to improve together.

My secretaries has drafted many action items to do. Haha!

负血型者的求救声及传发拯求血液急救短讯

最近一直收到这个短讯

“请帮忙呼吁，请问有谁能捐 0 Negative 血型？ 非常急用于急救一名孕妇及即将出世的两个小生命。 如找到， 请联络 Lim XXX Aun (Tel: 012-499XXXX)
您的大爱，将万分感激。”

尝试联络 Mr.Lim, 但电话好像已经停止服务，因为sms上没注明有关医院及病患姓名，所以至今也无法证实这短讯。

你是否收到过SMS要求捐血?
你是否好心的转发SMS给更多人?
你有帮到他们吗? 答案是90% 没有。

这种方法无疑可以解決了不少亟需血液急救的个案，请在传发短讯前：
1向有关医院确认
2必要時幫忙找人献血，而非盲目传发。

短讯內容：
1注明病患需要用血的日期。
2病患姓名。
3病患血型。
4病患所需的用血量。
5医院名称及州属。
6联络人姓名及电話号码。

短讯的內容，以供公众參考，如下：

"陈小明在吉打州双溪大年XX医院，于2月12日需要5包的B+血，請联络陈妈妈012-1234567，谢谢！

善心人士助人的精神值得赞扬，可是，大家必须懂得如何更加有效去幫助有需要者，必要時幫忙找人献血，而不应盲目传发短讯。
發送徵求血液急救短訊須註明病患需用期 - 中国报 February 12, 2006 18:27

Photos of 岁末献礼紧急献血运动

SOS !!! Help !!! Donate Blood !!!

Thank you to everyone, the blood donation event was a success, a total of 651 donors response to the SOS call. See you again !!!



Penang Hospital Blood Banks is facing shortage of blood, please come to donate blood.

Venue : Level 3, Komtar (Pacific Entrance)
Date : 11/Jan/2009 (Sun)
Time : 10.00am to 06.00pm



It's easy to find the venue, either enter through this glass door,
take the lift, go to level 3.





OR

climb a bit, good through this small door. It's short-cut (really ?).





Hope you will fill up all the donation beds here.






And Here !!!








We are ready, how about you ?

151st Blood Donation Campaign

Thank you to all donors, sponsors, shoppers, volunteers who gave us their support!

The volunteers that make it happen :


Please click here to view the pictures.

在 这 次 的 献 血 活 动 里，有 一 位 献 血 者 在 献 血 之 后 突 然 感 到 不 适，晕 倒 在 外 面，看 到 献 血 者 晕 倒，我 难 免 有 点 手 忙 脚 乱，还 好 当 时 职 行 任 务 的 医 生 还 未 离 开。当 献 血 者 被 抬 到 床 上 时，我 看 到 他 的 身 体 似 乎 很 不 舒 服。医 生 不 慌 不 忙 的 为 位 献 血 者 量 血 压，查 寻 献 血 者 献 血 前 的 血 红素，经 过 医 生 检 查 后，献 血 者 的 血 红 素 是 付 合 标 准 。原 来 是 这 位 献 血 者 身 体 本 来 就 不 适。献 血 之 后，在 炎 热 的 天 气里，身 体 无 法 负 荷 而 晕 倒。
献 血 救 人故 然 是 一 项 美 举，但 是 千 万 要 确 保 自 己 的 身 体 健 康,没 有 出 现 任 何 状 况，才 来 捐 血 哦。。

Blood Donation Campaign @ 19-Oct-2008

今天的献血运动中，很高兴见到了一群年轻人，也和他们分享了献血的一些经验。他们就是来自槟城宝誉堂属下菩提之家的一批热血青年。当然我也不会放过，叫他们把血留下。


今天有257人到来响应献血运动。

采访记 - 零的突破

今天(九月21日)是一个充满记念性的日子，因为是我第一次献血。
身为义工的我虽然对献血的过程了如指掌，但是第一次献血，心情难免会七上八落，还好有一群经验丰富的医务人员为我 注入强心针，他们的爱心和耐性让我能抛开一切顾虑，献出我的第一滴血。
当看着鲜红的血液从自己的血管里汩汩流出，想着它能为挽救一个生命做出一点微薄贡献的时候心里感到饱饱的成就感，一直郁闷的心情突然也轻松了许多。
那一刻的我感觉特别温暖，自己的血液能在另一个人身上流淌是多么幸福的感觉呀。我可以很光荣并大声的对你们说‘我已成功的踏出献血的第一步了，你们也一样可以哦。’

通过献血，让我对自己的人生和态度都有了更深刻的认识，我感受到了人间的真情，幸福与温馨。

救人一命，胜造七级浮屠。。

Blood Donation Campaign @ 21-Sep-2008

There was good response to today's Blood Donation Campaign, 256 donors turned-up to support the event. It must be a timely boost to local blood banks, especially during the Muslim Puasa Month.

今天的献血运动的反应蛮不错，谢谢256位热血人士的响应。在回教徒斋戒月时期，本地血库都面对血液短缺，这些善心人士及时提高了血液的存量。

To our Muslim friends, Selamant Berpuasa.

疯牛症

非典型克雅二氏症（vCJD）就是人类的疯牛症，被普遍认为是经由食用感染变性蛋白质的牛肉所引起，在一九八○年代和一九九○年代初期特别常见于英国。

2004年英国通报，在二十多名因接受感染克雅二氏症捐血人的输血而被认定有遭感染危险的民众中，出现两名疑似遭感染病例。而七日发表的对第三名因输血死亡病患的死因分析报告，显示输血十分容易传播疯牛症。没有人知道过去有多少患者捐了血或仍在捐血。

三宗死亡案例的证据显示，疯牛症如果是通过输血传染，潜伏期仅为六至七年。通过吃问题牛肉而感染的疯牛症，潜伏期要长得多。第三位因输血而感染疯牛症的病人，他在接受手术七年后发病，开始出现身体摇晃倾向、记忆减退、手部颤抖和腿部严重疼痛等初期症状。该病人在一年后死去，年仅三十一岁。经大脑解剖、并在扁桃腺作蛋白质病原体检测后，证实是感染非典型克雅二氏症。

无症状潜在患者数千

疯牛症可经由血液传播要比吃到问题牛肉感染来得更容易，因为吃了受污染的牛肉之后，变性蛋白质还必须克服动物与人之间的「物种屏障」才会传播给人类。迄今，已有约一百六十人因食用受感染的牛肉而死于疯牛症，死者多数是年轻人。

当局为防止透过血液传播，已开始从美国进口血浆，禁止接受过输血和血液曾输给后来染上非典型克雅二氏症的人捐血，并清除所有的血液组成部分的白细胞，科学家相信最有可能携带变性蛋白质病原体的就是白细胞。

然而，不进行测试是无法鉴别所有捐献血液的，而且目前仍无法确知究竟有多少潜在的问题捐血者。非典型克雅二氏症的潜伏期是如此的长，以至足以有大量机会让一名捐血者携带著变性蛋白质病原体多年而不自知。

Mad Cow Disease (BSE) and Blood Donation

Mad Cow Disease or BSE (Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy). It's called mad cow disease because it affects a cow's nervous system, causing a cow to act strangely and lose control of its ability to do normal things, such as walk. Experts have found a link between BSE and a rare brain condition that affects people, called variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD). Researchers believe that people who eat beef from cows that have BSE are at risk of developing a form of CJD.
CJD is caused by an abnormal type of protein in the brain called a prion. When people have CJD, cells in the brain die until the brain eventually has a "sponge-like" appearance. During this time, people with the disease gradually lose control of their mental and physical capabilities.
By November 2006, only 200 cases of this rare condition (vCJD) had been reported worldwide. Of these, most were identified in Britain. Several of the people diagnosed with the disease outside Britain — including two cases in the United States — had a history of exposure in Britain.
As There is no test for vCJD in humans that could be used to screen blood donors and to protect the blood supply, US and many parts of the world stipulated the following are not eligible to donate blood :
Live, visited or having blood transfusion in UK during January 1, 1980 through December 31, 1996.

What is G6PD deficiency?

Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is an enzyme deficiency of the red blood cells. G6PD deficiency leads to an abnormal rupture (breakage) of the red blood cells called hemolytic anemia (abnormally low red blood cell count).

What is the cause of G6PD deficiency?

The abnormal gene responsible for this inherited enzyme deficiency is located on the X-chromosome. Therefore, the illnesses associated with G6PD deficiency occur more frequently in males than females, since males only have one X-chromosome. There are different degress of G6PD deficiency, which vary according to the magnitude of the missing enzyme.
Usually, the hemolytic anemia occurs after exposure to certain compounds with oxidant properties, including drugs such as malaria medications, sulfonamides, antiitching drugs, dapsone, and others. Compounds with the property of inducing hemolysis in G6PD deficient persons are also found in the fava bean. This condition, known as favism, occurs within a day of ingestion of the fava bean. Favism can cause fever, back pain, headache, nause, and chills.

Can they donate Blood ?

G6PD deficiency is a genetic blood disorder. It is an inherited condition that affects the body’s red blood cells.
The great majority of people with G6PD deficiency are healthy and do not experience any symptoms clinically. As such, they are still allowed to make blood donations. However we usually would advise donors with G6PD deficiency to donate plasma or platelets via apheresis technique instead of whole blood. RBC donations are not recommended as their bone marrow is already working hard to compensate for their condition and we do not want to further exhaust their marrow. The red blood cells of those with G6PD deficiency are also more fragile. These red blood cells have a shorter lifespan and hence would not be suitable for transfusion to anaemic patients.

SEGI College Support Call to save life

During the just concluded 147th Blood Donation Campaign held on last Sunday, we welcome the students from SEGI College to respond to our call to save life. There were more than 30 of them, which I was told will be the future tour guides to boost our Penang tourism. As Georgetown has been listed as World Heritage, we certainly need more of these young and energetic people.

在刚结束的147期献血运动中，我们得到槟城SEGI学院的响应。这些就读导游课程的学生显示了他们勇敢和有爱心的一面，为这社会付出了一包包宝贵的血液。一行人在老师的带领下，完成了这项壮举。
乔治市已经被列入了世界古迹，正是须要这班生力军来推动槟州旅游业的时候。就看他们了！

什么是“Ｇ６ＰＤ缺乏症”？

这是蚕豆。有些人却不可以吃，还有它和捐血有什么关系呢？

Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency

(缺乏六磷酸葡萄糖脱氢或简称酵素缺乏〕

Ｇ６ＰＤ缺乏症俗稱蚕豆病,是一种遗传性代谢缺陷，为Ｘ伴性不完全显性遗传，男性发病多于女性。G6PD的作用主要是維持紅血球的穩定，減少紅血球受侵襲時被破壞的一種酵素，其作用相等於一個國家的軍隊：閒時作用有限，但國家安全受威脅時則會發揮極大的保護作用。

由于Ｇ６ＰＤ缺乏症变异型很多，临床表现差异极大，轻型得可无任何症状，重型者可表现为先天性非球形红细胞溶血性贫血，一般多表现为服用某些药物、蚕豆或在感染后诱发急性溶血，重得可危及生命。

患者是可以将此病传给下一代的，规律是：父亲患病，可以传给女儿，不传给儿子；母亲患病，可以传给约半数的女儿和儿子。一般女性G6PD缺乏程度较轻，而男性较易发生溶血，还应注意的是：父母有这种酶缺乏时，婴儿出生时应留脐血检查，如不及时发现，并采取预防措施，婴儿很可能产生新生儿黄疸，造成终生智力低下。因此，进行产前诊断、治疗和新生儿疾病筛查及为重要。

除了忌吃蚕豆，亦切忌服用西藥如亞士匹靈，維他命K，中藥如川蓮，麻黃等。另一方面，患者最好避免經常接近含臭丸或樟腦氣味之物件/場所。

Ｇ６ＰＤ缺乏症的发病机制中涉及到一个重要的还原性物质 NADPH。G6PD缺乏者因不能产生足够的NADPH，故服用氧化性药物或蚕豆之后，产生过多的过氧化氢不能及时被还原，造成红细胞破坏而致急性溶血， 典型的是伯氨喹啉，多数解热镇痛消炎药也有氧化性。

誘使G6PD缺乏者發病之因素
1.嗅覺、觸覺因素:─→特別是臭丸、樟腦、冬青油、萬金油和顏料等。
2.食物：─→G6PD缺乏症也稱為「蚕豆病」，故名思義，蚕豆便是一主要的病發誘因，尤以新鮮蚕豆為甚。在農村，吸入蚕豆收成季節的花粉，亦曾會影響此病發生。
3.中藥:─→包括牛黃、川蓮、臘梅花及珍珠末、金銀花、熊膽等，個別項目應請教醫生。
4.西藥:─→西藥中也有很多會令酵素溶解而缺乏的，種類過百難以盡錄，應個別請教醫生，最常見的包括阿斯匹靈（水楊酸），這包括口服及塞肛、退燒的亞士匹靈、抗瘧藥、氯霉素、水溶維生素K3、磺胺等。
5.其他因素:─→包括新生期、感染、缺氧、腦出血、糖尿等亦會令G6PD缺乏症病發。一般上有Ｇ６ＰＤ缺乏症者都须要戴说明手鍊或頸鍊方便辨认.

患者可以捐血吗 ?

对于这点,议论纷纷,有人说可以,也有人说不可以。我请教了本地的血库单位, 答案是可以，但不被鼓励。对患者本身，会加重骨髓造血的负担，而捐出的血也可能会使接受者有不良反应。

Donate Blood & Organ is a family affair

Last Sunday blood donation drive, we managed to collect 262 pints of blood, out of 285 turn-out. What was impressed me was a little girl who wanted to pledge her organs, and she is only 12 years old.
在上个星期日的献血运动，有285人响应，而我们成功筹获262包血液，令我印象深刻的是一位小女孩要认捐器官，而她今年才12岁而已。

We always encourage the blood donors to bring along their family members, to treat it as a family day. Beside getting the blood, we want to nurture the young children to care about the societies.
所以说我们常常都鼓励献血者把这一天当成家庭日，带一家大小来献血。除了拿到血液，我们也可以培养孩子怎样地去爱这个社会。

*********** 施与受皆大欢喜 ***********

我想献血对大家一点都不陌生吧!我从学院时已加入献血的行列了，屈指数数，也应该也是好多年前的事了。毕业之后，每三到四个月我总是留意报纸所刊登的献血活动，把宝贵的血液捐给所需要的人。每一次捐血，那一种满满的满足感总会油然而生。直到在一次偶然的机会下，我正式加入慧音社的献血团，友善的义工们让我留下深刻印象，决定把多余的时间献给献血团。虽然大家各有各忙，但是每一个月的献血日总会准时到慧音社帮忙。

无论你是想加入献血团或成为我们的义工，我们都以万二分的谢意来欢迎你，别犹豫了，快快加入我们的行列吧！

“施与受皆大欢喜”

Washing Blood Donation Beds

Got up at 8am this morning. And that's early for me for a non-blood donation Sunday morning! Got a lift from Liling Jie and arrived at Hui Yin Seh slightly over 9am. Sengling Ge and Lili Jie were already there all prepared! Beds all lined up with scrubs and soap-powder! Then Tangxin Ge arrived with his water pump and we were all ready to go!

We (the girls) were scrubing while the guys were busy moving the beds to rinse and to dry in the sun! When YiHao Ge and Meiliang Jie arrived, Lili Jie joked " Yeah, more domestics maids to come to help us with our tasks!"
Haha... Although there were lots beds to be cleaned, time just flew past as while doing our tasks, everyone was happily chatting and merrily joking and catching up with the happenings with each other. It's really hard for us to chat/bond with each other much as usually we tend to get quite busy on blood donation days!

Here's the proof to show we were working hard!


And the nicely lined up clean pillows and beds having their sunbath!

Well, the sun was really co-operative as well! We managed to get everything dry and stacked up neatly by the time it started to pour! We rested a little while before proceeding to our next activity, the durian party in the rain,which will be posted by Liling.

Thank you everyone who has helped out! Blood donors will have a clean bed to lie on next week!

Suppliments After Blood Donation

I was often been asked by some blood donors :
"why doctors give me this pills ? what are they ?"
Well, it's good to understand before you take this pills and can sleep well.

Iron

Is necessary to make hemoglobin, the protein needed to carry oxygen throughout the body, and helps to increase resistance as well as increase energy production. Iron supplements may cause the stool to turn black or gray, but this is normal unless it contains blood.

Taking a Vitamin C supplements Along with the iron helps the iron absorption. Iron works effectively with B-12 and Folic Acid.

Beside the supplements, you can find iron in liver, lean meats, eggs, whole grain breads and cereals, fruits, vegetables, and brewer’s yeast.

Vitamin C

Vitamin C strengthens the capillaries and cell walls and is essential for collagen formation. It functions in protein synthesis by changing the charge of iron so that it can be absorbed, and it works as an antioxidant. Vitamin C functions in the construction of protein from amino acids.

Folic Acid

Folic Acid is used to make blood cells, build muscle, and heal wounds. It is necessary for every function requiring cell division to make sure cells duplicate correctly.

Vitamin B

In general, the B vitamins family facilitates the metabolization of food for energy and fosters many bodily processes that pertain to physical and mental functions, energy and proper nerve functioning.

Blood Donation in Penang

Update at 29-Jul-2008

There was 285 brave people response to the event, while 262 successfully donated.

As you may have noticed from our activity board, Hui Yin Seh Blood Donation Group will be holding a blood donation drive in Penang

Date : 27-JUL-2008 (Sun)
Time : 09.00am till 01:00pm
Venue : Hui Yin Seh, Jalan Lintang, Air Itam, Penang.

Donate Blood to Save Life. Will you be going there ? Refer map below :

Story

献 血 记
夏 天 ， 清 晨 里 ， 车 水 马 龙 。
每 月 一 次 的 武 林 盛 事 ， 在 山 镇 里 开 始 了 。
献 血 帮 帮 主 － 豪 哥 大 清 早 就 在 堂 外 坐 镇 。 个 子 不 大 的 他 却 如 八 风 吹 不 动 的 金 刚 似 的 。 虽 然 才 接 掌 帮 主 一 位 不 久 ， 他 对 帮 内 一 切 运 作 都 了 如 指 掌 。 他 环 视 一 周 后 ， 微 微 一 笑 ， 一 切 准 备 就 绪 。

豪 哥 身 边 ， 另 一 位 功 力 深 不 可 测 的 林 长 老 正 与 云 杰 双 侣 窃 窃 私 语 。 好 像 是 谈 着 关 于 九 月 中 的 英 雄 宴 。 云 杰 双 侣 负 责 掌 管 记 名 册 。 里 边 记 录 了 帮 中 九 千 名 弟 兄 的 资 料 。 对 面 阮 副 总 管 带 领 一 众 弟 兄 在 磨 拳 擦 掌 的 整 理 着 盘 问 表 。 她 的 绝 活 是 以 迷 死 人 的 笑 容 盘 问 人 们 。

中 堂 内 ， 内 务 处 的 真 姐 、 赵 爷 、 丽 姐 及 Kit 仔 一 字 排 开 地 等 着 宾 客 的 到 来 。 他 们 负 责 点 算 宾 客 人 数 。 别 小 观 他 们 男 女 老 少 像 乌 合 之 众 般 。 所 有 宾 客 都 必 须 经 过 他 们 这 一 关 才 能 进 入 内 堂 。 内 堂 则 由 身 经 百 战 的 冯 大 妈 与 欢 姐 掌 管 。 她 们 正 为 廿 四 张 床 阵 做 最 后 打 点 。
另 一 边 厢 ， 比 豪 哥 更 早 到 的 天 厨 女 将 们 正 在 大 展 厨 艺 。 一 盘 盘 香 喷 喷 的 美 食 陆 续 摆 出 ， 令 堂 内 外 满 室 芳 香 。 游 走 四 处 的 还 有 丁 阿 姐 、 邱 大 侠 、 伟 哥 及 张 总 管 。 他 们 系 属 特 别 ， 位 高 权 重 。 林 长 老 与 豪 哥 常 和 他 们 一 起 巡 视 帮 务 。 除 此 之 外 ， 尚 有 无 数 帮 中 高 手 不 时 出 没 。

不 久 ，宾 客 们 陆 续 到 来 。 他 们 脸 上 总 带 着 微 笑 ， 似 乎 都 拥 有 天 掉 下 来 也 不 怕 的 勇 气 。 豪 哥 与 云 杰 双 侣 等 一 一 为 他 们 记 名 编 号 。宾 客 们 就 被 分 派 到 三 处 去 验 明 正 身 。 然 后 ， 经 内 务 处 点 算 清 楚 而 转 交 内 堂 。 宾 客 们 再 被 安 排 到 床 阵 内 。 那 里 无 数 冰 冷 的 针 已 经 久 候 多 时 了 。不 消 一 会 儿 ， 猩 红 色 的 血 开 始 经 由 一 条 条 的 管 子 流 入 袋 中 。 一 群 双 眼 发 光 的 白 衣 人 在 旁 虎 视 眈 眈 的 看 着 那 些 血 袋 。 宾 客 们 却 若 无 其 事 的 躺 着 。 当 血 袋 涨 满 后 ， 白 衣 人 纯 熟 地 拔 针 、 取 袋 。 小 休 一 阵 后 ， 宾 客 们 轻 快 地 走 入 食 堂 享 用 天 厨 女 将 们 一 早 为 他 们 准 备 的 美 食 。 离 开 时 ， 他 们 多 了 一 分 喜 悦 。 豪 哥 等 人 看 着 他 们 离 去 的 背 影 也 像 沾 到 那 分 快 乐 般 。

一 天 下 来 ， 帮 中 上 下 都 累 坏 了 。 可 众 人 心 中 都 企 待 着 下 一 个 盛 会 的 到 来 。

（ 以 上 故 事 纯 属 虚 构 ， 如 有 雷 同 ， 实 属 巧 合）

Typical Flow of Blood Donation 献血流程

If you still haven't drawn the first blood, and going to be the newbie, here is the typical flow of Blood Donation. If may different to the private hospitals.
如果你还没有献血，而又想知道，这里可以满足你的好奇心。

Step 1 : Registration & Weighing 注册, 填写资料及量体重


Step 2 : Blood Group 血型




Step 3 : Heomoglobin Tests 血红素


Step 4 : Doctor Check (chat) 医生检查


Step 5 : Get Blood Bag 拿血袋


Step 6 : Blood Bed Bleeding 出血



Step 7 : Done, refreshment 大功告成，吃点东西补充

Health benefits of donating blood

• Reduce the chance of heart diseases
  It has been observed that increase in blood iron level increases the chance of heart disease. Iron is involved in the oxidation of cholesterol and this process is believed to be detrimental for the arteries. Increases blood iron level favors this process of cholesterol oxidation and thus leads to heart disease. Regular blood donation helps especially males in loosing iron on regular basis. It helps in reducing the chance of heart attack to one third.

• Enhance the production of new Red Blood Cells
  As the blood is withdrawn from the donors' body there is decreasing in blood cells. To replenish it, immediately new cells are produced by marrow and this way blood gets refreshed. Therefore donating blood helps in stimulating generation of new blood cells.

• Helps in fighting hemochromitosis
  Hemochromitosis is a genetic disorder; also known as iron overload disorder wherein iron accumulates in the body tissue because or improper iron metabolism. This condition may lead to organ damage. Though this problem is uncommon in Indians, people with little iron overload also can easily donation blood and reduce their iron content. Taking example from other countries, one in every 300-400 people in England suffers from this disorder and American Red Cross blood services accept such donors as safe donor as it’s a genetic disorder, it won’t be harmful to the person receiving blood from such donors.

• Burns calories
  One can diet or remain fit by donating blood regularly. One pint of blood (450 ml) when donated burns 650 calories in donor’s body.

• Invigorated feeling in elderly people
  It has been mentioned in various sites though not proved that elderly people in good health have reported feeling invigorated or reenergized by giving blood on a regular basis.

• Basic blood test is done
  Apart from all these benefits a donor gets a mini blood test done before donating blood. This includes Hematocrit i.e. HB level test, Blood pressure is measured, body weight is checked. After the blood is collected, it will be tested for 4 major diseases. Those are Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, HIV, and Syphilis. Donor is immediately informed if any of these test found to be positive.

Helpful Tips For a Successful Donation

Before donating :

• Get a lot of rest the night before your donation.
• Have a good breakfast and/or lunch but avoid fatty foods. Fatty materials (lipids) remain in your blood for several hours and may prevent the proper testing of your blood. Eat iron rich foods such as beans, iron-fortified cereals, green leafy vegetables, raisins.
• 24 hours prior to donating, begin drinking lots of liquids (especially water) – avoid caffeinated beverages.
  

At the donation site:

• Relax, feeling good as you are going to save a life.
  
• Rest for 10-15 mins in donation bed immediately after donating blood.

After donating:

• Drink plenty of fluids over the next 24-48 hours.
• Take the supplements Vitamin-C and Iron (provided by Blood Bank) if necessary.
  
• Avoid strenuous activity or heavy lifting for 12 hours after the donation.
  

Blood Donor Eligibility Guide

The criteria for donor acceptance are:

1. Age : between 18 to 60 years.
   Note 1: a written consent from the parents/guardians is compulsory for donors over 17, but less than 18 years old. Note 2: Those above 55 years old but never donated before may be rejected.
   
2. Weight : Minimum 45 kg (100 LB).
3. General appearance : Donors must appear to be in good health.
4. Medical history : Donors must not have a history of recent illnesses nor a history of the consumption of any medication. In addition to this they must not have a history of any inherited bleeding disorder.
5. Donors must not have any blood related diseases, eg: Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, AIDS Syphilis etc…
6. Donors must not be in the following high risk group:
   i. Drugs abuser
   ii. Homosexual or Bisexual
   iii. Have sexual partners with both group mentioned.
7. Hemoglobin level must be more than 12.5g/dl. Some private hospitals may require higher Hemoglobin level.
   

This list is not complete. Medical professionals are available and details of each donor's health and activities are discussed in a confidential setting prior to blood donation. The final determination of eligibility is made at that time.

For further information, donors can also refer to our Pusat Darah Negara (PDN) guidelines.

2008 Calendar - Blood Donation Campaign @ Penang Hui Yin Seh

Whole Blood and Blood Components

Blood may be transfused as whole blood or as one of its components. Because patients seldom require all of the components of whole blood, it makes sense to transfuse only that portion needed by the patient for a specific condition or disease. This treatment, referred to as “blood component therapy,” allows several patients to benefit from one unit of donated whole blood. Blood components include red blood cells, white blood cells, plasma and platelets. Up to four components may be derived from one unit of blood.

Red Blood Cells
Red blood cells are perhaps the most recognizable component of whole blood. Red blood cells contain hemoglobin, a complex iron-containing protein that carries oxygen throughout the body and gives blood its red color. The percentage of blood volume composed of red blood cells is called the “hematocrit.” The average hematocrit in an adult male is 47 percent. There are about one billion red blood cells in two to three drops of blood, and, for every 600 red blood cells, there are about 40 platelets and one white cell. Manufactured in the bone marrow, red blood cells are continuously being produced and broken down. They live for approximately 120 days in the circulatory system and are eventually removed by the spleen.

White blood cells
White blood cells are responsible for protecting the body from invasion by foreign substances such as bacteria, fungi, and viruses. The majority of white blood cells are produced in the bone marrow, where they outnumber red blood cells by two to one. However, in the blood stream, there are about 600 red blood cells for every white blood cell. There are several types of white blood cells; Granulocytes and macrophages protect against infection by surrounding and destroying invading bacteria and viruses, and lymphocytes aid in immune defense.

Plasma
Plasma is the liquid portion of the blood — a protein-salt solution in which red and white blood cells and platelets are suspended. Plasma, which is 90 percent water, constitutes about 55 percent of blood volume. Plasma contains albumin (the chief protein constituent), fibrinogen (responsible, in part, for the clotting of blood), globulins (including antibodies), and other clotting proteins. Plasma serves a variety of functions, from maintaining a satisfactory blood pressure and volume to supplying critical proteins for blood clotting and immunity. It also serves as the medium of exchange for vital minerals such as sodium and potassium, thus helping maintain a proper balance in the body, which is critical to cell function. Plasma is obtained by separating the liquid portion of blood from the cells. Plasma is usually not used for transfusion purpose but is fractionated (separated) into specific products such as albumin, specific clotting factor concentrates and IVIG (intravenous immune globulin).

Platelets
Platelets (or thrombocytes) are very small cellular components of blood that help the clotting process by sticking to the lining of blood vessels. Platelets are made in the bone marrow and survive in the circulatory system for an average of 9–10 days before being removed from the body by the spleen. The platelet is vital to life, because it helps prevent massive blood loss resulting from trauma, as well as blood vessel leakage that would otherwise occur in the course of normal, day-to-day activity. Units of platelets are prepared by using a centrifuge to separate the platelet-rich plasma from the donated unit of whole blood. The platelet-rich plasma is then centrifuged again to concentrate the platelets further.

Blood Groups

Every donor's blood belongs to one of the four main groups A, B, AB and O, known as the ABO system. These groups depend for their identification on the presence or absence of chemical substances called antigens on the person's red blood cells.

After the ABO system, the most important is the Rhesus system or RH system. The RH groups are more complicated, but most donors can be simply classified as Rh Positive or Rh Negative.

As each system is inherited independently of the other, it means that there are eight main blood groups: A+, A-, B+, B-, AB+, AB-, O+ and O-.

The Donor/Receiver chart below shows the compatibility of different blood groups. From this you can see that O- blood is the universal donor while AB+ is the universal receiver.

Blood Group	Donate to	Receive from
A+	A+, AB+	A+, A-, O+, O-
O+	O+, A+, B+, AB+	O+, O-
B+	B+, AB+	B+, B-,O+, O-
AB+	AB+	All groups
A-	A+, A-, AB+, AB-	A-, O-
O-	All groups	O-
B-	B+, B-, AB+, AB-	B-, O-
AB-	AB+, AB-	AB-, A-, B-, O-

How Are Blood Groups Inherited?

Blood groups for each individual are determined by genes which are inherited from both parents. Genes for the Rh negative and O groups from one parent are masked by the presence of Rh positive and A or B genes from the other parent. Thus people who are apparently A or B Rh positive may also carry genes for the O and Rh negative blood groups which can be inherited by their children.

Are There Any Other Blood Groups? There are 15 other blood group systems - in all almost 400 antigens have been discovered. However, most of these do not normally require matching for transfusion purposes.

Rh blood grouping

The RhD antigen is also important in determining a person's blood type. The terms "positive" or "negative" refer to either the presence or absence of the RhD antigen irrespective of the presence or absence of the other antigens of the Rhesus system. Anti-RhD is not usually a naturally occurring antibody as the Anti-A and Anti-B antibodies are. Cross-matching for the RhD antigen is extremely important, because the RhD antigen is immunogenic, meaning that a person who is RhD negative is very likely to make Anti-RhD when exposed to the RhD antigen (perhaps through either transfusion or pregnancy). Once an individual is sensitised to RhD antigens their blood will contain RhD IgG antibodies which can bind to RhD positive RBCs and may cross the placenta.